A sleep disorder (somnipathy) is a disorder in the sleep patterns of a person or animal. Some sleep disorders can interfere with mental and emotional function.
Common sleep disorders
The most common sleep disorders include:
Bruxism: The sufferer involuntarily grinds his or her teeth while sleeping
Insomnia: While not considered a sleep disorder in its own right, Insomnia is characterized by the inability to fall asleep and/or remain asleep for a reasonable amount of time.
Jet lag or desynchronosis: Temporary condition resulting in out of sync sleep patterns as a result of rapidly travelling across multiple time zones
Narcolepsy: The condition of falling asleep spontaneously and unwillingly
Night terror or Pavor nocturnus or sleep terror disorder: abrupt awakening from sleep with behavior consistent with terror
Parasomnias: Include a variety of disruptive sleep-related events
Sleep apnea: The obstruction of the airway during sleep
Sleep paralysis: Conscious paralysis upon waking or falling asleep
Sleepwalking or somnambulism: Engaging in activities that are normally associated with wakefulness (such as eating or dressing), which may include walking, without the conscious knowledge of the subject
Snoring: Loud breathing patterns while sleeping, sometimes accompanying sleep apnea
Broad classifications of sleep disorders
Dysomnias - A broad category of sleep disorders characterized by either hypersomnolence or insomnia. The three major subcategories include intrinsic (i.e., arising from within the body), extrinsic (secondary to environmental conditions or various pathologic conditions), and disturbances of circadian rhythm. MeSH
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